JAI SIṄGH, MIRZĀ RĀJĀ (1605-1667), Kachhvāhā Rājpūt prince and one of the senior generals under the Mughal emperors Shāh Jahāṅ (1628-58) and Auraṅgzīb (1658-1707), succeeded to the feudal chieftainship of Amber (Jaipur) in 1617 when he also got his first appointment in the Mughal army. "Since then," writes Sir Jadūnāth Sarkār, History of Auraṅgzīb, vol. IV, "he had fought under the imperial banner in every part of the empire -- from Balkh in Central Asia to Bījāpur in the Deccan, from Qandahar in the west to Mungir in the east." When he was fighting for the throne in 1858, Auraṅgzīb had solicited and secured Jai Siṅgh's assistance as a reward for which he was made governor of Delhi city with the grant of Sāmbhar, a rich province flourishing on its salt trade. Mirzā Rājā Jai Siṅgh although a Mughal vassal, was a staunch Hindu and an admirer of the Sikh Gurūs. During his stay at Delhi, he was used by Auraṅgzīb as an intermediary to summon to the court first Gurū Har Rāi in 1661 and later Gurū Har Krishan in 1664. Gurū Har Rāi did not go to Delhi himself, and sent his son Rām Rāi instead. Gurū Har Krishan, who in compliance with the Emperor's wishes, visited Delhi in March 1664, put up in Rājā Jai Siṅgh's bungalow which is now the site of Gurdwārā Baṅglā Sāhib in New Delhi. He passed away there on 30 March 1664. Later in 1664, Mirzā Rājā Jai Siṅgh at the head of 14,000 troops was assigned to the Deccan campaign against Shivājī. Jai Siṅgh not only reconquered a number of forts but also persuaded Shivājī in 1666 to attend the Emperor's court. He was kept in virtual confinement in the house of the Kachhvāhā Rājā under the care of Jai Siṅgh's son, Kaṅvar Rām Siṅgh. But Shivājī and his son, Shambhūjī, made good their escape on 19 August 1666. Auraṅgzīb's suspicion and ire fell upon Rām Siṅgh as well as upon Jai Siṅgh. The latter was recalled to the court, but he died on the way at Burhānpur on 2 July 1667.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

  1. Santokh Siṅgh, Bhāī, Srī Gur Pratāp Sūraj Granth. Amritsar, 1927-33
  2. Macauliffe, Max Arthur, The Sikh Religion. Oxford, 1909
  3. Trilochan Singh, Guru Tegh Bahadur : Prophet and Martyr. Delhi, 1967
  4. Harbans Singh, Guru Tegh Bahadur. Delhi, 1992

Bhagat Siṅgh